[1]
فَضَلَ , aor.
فَضُلَ ; and فَضِلَ, aor.
فَضِلَ ; and فَضِلَ,
aor.
فَضُلَ ; three syn. dial. vars.; (S, O, Msb, K;) the
second mentioned by ISk; and the third [said to
be] anomalous and unparalleled; (S, O;) [but]
it is a compound of two thereof, (S, O, Msb, K,)
accord. to the companions of Sb, (S, O,) i. e. a
compound of the second and the third, (K,) like
نَعِمَ having for its aor. يَنْعُمُ, (Sb, S, O, Msb,)
and نَكِلَ, aor. يَنْكُلُ, [but this I do not find in its
proper art.,] and حَضِرَ, aor. يَحْضُرُ, [but this is
disallowed by some,] and فَرِغَ, aor. يَفْرُغُ, among
perfect verbs, (Msb,) and مِتَّ, aor. تَمُوتُ, and
دِمْتَ, aor. تَدُومُ, (Sb, S, O, Msb,) and كِدْتَ,
aor. تَكُودُ; (Sb, S;) inf. n. فَضْلٌ: (S, * O, * Msb,
K: *) all signify It exceeded; or was, or became,
redundant, or superfluous; [syn. زَادَ;] being used
in relation to الفَضْلُ (K, MF, TA) meaning
الزِّيَادَةُ, as Ibn-Es-Seed says, (MF, TA,) [i. e.] as
meaning the contr. of النَّقْصُ: (K, TA:) or the
first of the three, i. e. فضَلَ, aor.
فَضُلَ , inf. n. فَضْلٌ,
signifies thus, i. q. زَادَ, (Msb,) and فُضْلٌ and فُضُلٌ
are also inf. ns. [of the same, i. e.] signifying زِيَادَةٌ,
as in the saying, in a trad., accord. to different
relaters, إِنَّ لِلّٰهِ مَلَائِكَةً سَيَّارَةً فُضْلًا عَلَى المَلَائِكَةِ
المُرَتَّبِينَ مَعَ الخَلَائِقِ and فُضُلًا [i. e. Verily to God
belong angels who occupy themselves in ranging
about, in addition to the angels who are stationed
among the created, or human and other, beings]:
(TA:) and all the three dial. vars. mentioned
above signify it remained [of a greater quantity or
number]; syn. بَقِىَ; (S, * O, * Msb;) you say,
فَضَلَ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ, aor.
فَضُلَ ; and فَضِلَ, aor.
فَضَلَ ; and فَضِلَ,
aor.
فَضُلَ ; somewhat remained thereof: (S, O:) or
from الفَضْلُ as meaning البَقِيَّةُ, you say فَضَلَ like
نَصَرَ, [i. e. aor.
فَضُلَ ,] and فَضِلَ like حَسِبَ, [implying that the aor. is
فَضَلَ and
فَضِلَ ,] (K,) [accord. to the
TK meaning it had somewhat remaining, but
accord. to SM,] using these verbs [which are said
by him to be like نَصَرَ and سَمِعَ and حَسِبَ, the
last as mentioned by Lh,] in the phrase فَضَلَ مِنْهُ
شَىْءٌ [expl. above]. (TA.) ―
2-b2- [فَضَلَ is trans. as
well as intrans.] One says, فَضَلَهُ and فَضَلَ عَلَيْهِ,
[aor.
فَضُلَ ,] inf. ns. فَضْلٌ and فُضُولٌ, [but see a distinction made between these two words voce فَضْلٌ,
below,] meaning He, or it, exceeded, or excelled,
him, or it. (MA.) See also 4. [And see فَضْلٌ
below, last signification.] الفَضْلُ as meaning The
overcoming, or surpassing, in highness, elevation,
or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation, has
but one form of verb, فَضَلَ, aor.
فَضُلَ , like قَعَدَ, aor.
يَقْعُدُ: he who relates the saying of the poet,
وَجَدْنَا نَهْشَلًا فَضَلَتْ فُقَيْمَا
[We found, or have found, that Nahshal (the
tribe so called) overcame &c., or have overcome
&c., Fukeym (another tribe)], pronouncing the
ض [in فضلت] with kesr, errs; not distinguishing
between the two meanings: so says Ibn-Es-Seed,
in the book entitled “ Kitáb el-Fark: ” and Es-
Seymuree says, in his book entitled “ Kitáb etTebsireh, ” فَضَلَ, aor.
فَضُلَ , like نَصَرَ, aor. يَنْصُرُ, is
from الفَضْلُ meaning the ruling [others] as a
chief, lord, or master. (TA.) And فَضَلَهُ signifies
also [simply] He overcame him; surpassed him;
or gained ascendency, or the mastery, over him.
(TA.) See also 3.